Adding-machine.



T. TERAOKA.

ADDING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 5, 1911.

Patented Aug. 20, 1912.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 5, 1911.

, TfTERAOKA.

ADDING MACHINE.

Patented Aug. 20, 1912.

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T. TERAOKA. ADDING MACHINE; APPLICATION FILED EPT. 5, 1911. K, 4 1,03 ,375, Patented Aug. 20, 1912.

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IIIIIII! :55. 49 48 J0 J0 17 i? I TOYOHARU TERAOKA, OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA.

ADDING-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Intent. .Patentd Aug. 20, 1912.

Application filed September 5, 1911. Serial 1W0. 647,772.

'To all whom it may concern:

Beitkno'wnthat I, TOYOHARU TERAOKA, a subject of the Emperorof'Ja an, residing at Los Angeles, in the county Los Angeles and v State of California, have invented a new and useful Adding-Machine, of which the following is a specificationj This invention relates to a machine which is particularly intended for adding figures or numbers, although it may be used for subtraction as well as for addition.

The mainfobject of the invention is to provide an adding machine of extremely simple construction, so as to reduce the size, weight and cost of mum. p

A further object of the invention is to provide an addingmachine in which the number of keys required for a set-of nine figures is reduced so that any number in the set of nine figures can be selected by the use of the fingers of one hand. In this connection the invention is of particular value in that it provides for a selection of the numbers by -touch'rather than by sight,

thereby greatly expediting the selective operation and-reducing the chance of error.

A further object of the invention is to provide in an adding machine, means for performingthe registering and totalizing operations simultaneously or concurrently with the selective operations, thereby avoiding the use of a registering lever or handle and the time and'expense incident to the use of 'such a handle.

A further object of the invention is to.

provide convenient and simple means forchanging-the machine at will from adding to subtracting operation.

Other objects of the invention will appear hereinafter.

The accompanying drawings illustrate an embodiment of the invention, and referring thereto:

Figure lis a plan of the machine, with parts broken away. Fig. is an end elevation, partly broken away to show the working parts of the machine. Fig. 3 is a plan of one of the dials. Fig. 4:- is a plan ofa portion of the case with two of the dials underlying the same, showing the relative position of the dials. Fig. 5 is an end els vation of a portion of the registering devices. Fig. 6 is asection on line m sw in Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a side elevation of parts shown in Fig. 6. Fig. 8 is a plan of one of the machine to a minithe operating wheels'and'ratchet device for a registering device. Fig. 9 1s a slde elevation of oneof the sets of clearing gears.

Fig. 10 is an inverted plan of the operated clearing gear. Fig. 11 is a side elevation of the operating clearing gear.

The machine comprises a case or box l in which the working parts are inclo'sed, Said box having in its' 'top-br cover 2, a series of openings 3 through which-are exposed the numbers 4 on the dials 5. Each dial 5 is carried by a vertical shaft 6 journaled in.

suitable bearings 7. A. sleeve or tubular shaft 9 is mounted to slide vertically on the shaft 6, but is splined thereto as shown at 9,

so as to rotate therewith, said sleeve 9 carrying two bevel gears 10 and 11 for alternatively engaging with a bevel wheel 12 at opposite sides of the center 'of said wheel 12 to transmit to the sleeve 9 and the dial in a forward or in a reverse direction as mabe desired, the rotation of the bevel whee 12. Bevel Wheels 12 are rotatably mounted on a fixed shaft 17 and each of said wheels is operated by key-controlled mechanism hereinafter described, said mechanism operating on a ratchet wheel 14 rigidly connected to the bevel wheel 12 and turning therewith. Two operating ratchet devices are provided for each ratchet wheel 14, said ratchet devices comprising two arms 15, 16, swingingly mounted on the shaft 17 carrying the bevel wheel 12, said arms 15 and l6 carrying spring pawls 18 and 19 slidably mounted in said arms and engaging respectivelywith the ratchet teeth or wheel 14 on o posite sides of the center of said wheel. prings 20 and 21 connected to the respective arms 15 and 16 tend to draw the same down wardly. v The respective ratchet wheels and the bevel wheels 12 connected thereto are mounted in parallelism and coaxially on the shaft 17, being spaced apart sufficiently to provide for operation of the pawl means and dial operating shafts between said wheels, said dial operating shafts-being arranged in prallelism and alternating with the ratchet devices, the construction thus provided being extremely compact and providing for operation ofdials for a large number of denominations in limited space.

A set of controlling devices including keys and one of the ratchet mechanisms above described is provided for'each set of nine figures, each set of keys comprising four keys 24, corr spond ng. respectively to the first four digits and a' key 25 corresponding to the numeral 5, said key 25 also being operated concurrently with any one of the other keys in the set to make up the remaining nine digits. The zero digit requires no key. Said keys are formed as heads or buttons on key levers 28 and 29 pivoted at 30 and 31 in the case 1, said heads or buttons being numbered, as shown directly above the respective keys in Fig. 2. These five keys for each set are preferably arranged in a curve, as shown in Fig. 1, so as to accommodate more readily the position of the fingers of the hand. Each key lever 28 is normally drawn by a spring 33 so that the key end is raised and the inner end of the lever is held down. The inner end of. each of the levers 28 extends beneath a pin 22 on the arm 15 of the a link 35 with the arm 16 of the corresponding ratchet mechanism so that the spring 21 for said arm lG holds the key lever 29 in position with its key 25 raised and said key lever limits the downward movement of the arm 16.

Means are provided for shifting the tubular shaftor sleeve 9'to bring one 01' the other of the bevel wheels 10 or 11 into engagement with the bevel wheel 12. For this purpose a cam 37 is rotatably mounted on the shaft 38 provided with operating handle 39 and engaging with shoulders 10 and 11 on a sleeve 16 having an arm 46 engaging between shoulders 47 on said sleeve 9 to move the sleeve S) with the bevel wheels carried thereby, up-

wardly or downwardly, the upper bevelwheel 10 being in engagement with the bevel wheel 12 for forward driving of the dial when the sleeve. 9 is depressed and when the sleeve 9 is raised, the bevel wheel 11 is brought into engagement with the wheel 12 and the bevel wheel 10 is removed from such engagement so as to connect the dial for reverse operation in subtract-ion.

Any suitable carrying means may be used for carrying to the next higher ratchet mechanism or registering device when any one of the registering devices passes the number 10. For this purpose each of the shafts 6 may be provided with an arm 43 adapted to engage between the teeth of a wheel 14; mounted and gearing with a gear wheel 45 on the shaft l' of the next higher registering device.

Means are provided for clearing the reg istering device for returning the same to zero when desired, said means consisting of a shaft 48 extending transversely across the case beneath all of the series of shafts (3 and provided with an operating handle 49, said shaft -18 carrying mutilated gears 50 adapt- Each key lever 29 is connected at its inner end by' over said key.

ed to cooperatowith bevel gears 51 on the lower ends of the respective shafts (3. 4

The top of the case may be marked with bands or lines indicated at 52, indicating the correspondence of each rank of keys with one of the side openings 3 in the case for exposing the numbers on the dial controlled by said rank of keys.

The operation is as follows: Normally, the clearing device is positioned with the break or mutilation in the gears 50 opposite the respective bevel gears 51, so as to leave said bevel gears free for rotation under the operation of the key devices. All of the keys are raised by operation of the respective springs aforesaid, and their inner ends are depressed so that the ratchet arms 15 and 16 are in lowermost position. The spring pawls 18 and 19 on said ratchet arms are held in engagement with the ratchet wheel 11. on opposite sides of the center thereof, and hold said wheel and the registering devices connected thereto from accidental 1'0- 4 tation. Assuming now that a number in the unit column or section is to be added, the operator places his hand with the finger resting on or above the lowermost set of keys and depresses the key or keys for selecting the required unit. It 'the unit desired is 1, 2, 3, or 4-, the operator simply 95 presses down the finger which is directly In this operation the corresponding key lever 22 is depressed and the inner end of said key lover is raised. causing the corresponding arm 15 to be 190 raised, the spring ratchet or pawl 18 on said arm slipping over the teeth of the ratchet wheel 14 in this move-m m. the other pawl 19 engaging with the ratchet teeth of wheel 14, so that said wheel prevented from ro- 105 tation in this operation. Then. .when the operator releases the operated key 24, the key lever 28 is restored to normal position by the operation of its spring 33 and the ratchet wheel 15 is drawn down by its 110 spring 20, causing the pawl 18 which in engagement with the ratchet wheel 14, to push the ratchet wheel around a distance corresponding to the amount which the arm 15 has been lifted.

The pivots 30 for the key levers .21 are so arranged that the distances through which the inner ends of the key levers are lifted by the operation of their respective keys are variant. according to the numeral 120 represented by the key. the inner end or" the key lever 1 moving through a spare snl ficient to cause operation of the ratrlu-l wheel l-lthrough the distance of one. ioolh in the descent of the lever, the key lcwr for 125 the numeral 2 moving snllieienily at its inner end l'o'cause operation ol' the ratchet wheel through ,ihe space of two t eth, etc.

If the numeral I) is to be counted. the l|' 25 is depressed and the llllh'! or rear end of Ho the key lever '25 is thereby raised and by engagement of the spring pawl 19 with the ratchet wheel 14, pushes the ratchet wheel around a distance of five teeth, and in the return movement of the key lever 29 under the action of'spring 21, the spring-pawl 19 slips over the ratchet teeth on wheel 14, the wheel 14 being held from back movement inthis operation l" the engagement there with of the spring pawl 18. Thus, each spring pawl serves to hold the ratchet wheel stationary during the operative stroke of the other spring pawl and the spring pawl 18 operates on the back stroke, whereas the spring pawl 19 operates on the forward stroke. By reason of this different operation of the two pawls respectively on the backward and forward strokes, it is possible to operate the key 25 concurrently with any one of the keys 24 and to thereby count or add numerals from 6 to 9 inclusive. Thus,

' a for numeral 6 the key 25 for numeral and the key 24 for numeral 1 will be simulta neously depressed. As the said key is depressed it pushes the ratchet wheel 14 around the space of five teeth and simultaneously the depression of the key 24 raises the pawl device 18 a space of one tooth, said pawl device slipping over the ratchet teeth of wheel 14. Then as both keys are released the return of the'operated key lever 28 to normal position operating through pawl 18, advances the ratchet wheel 14 another tooth and in this return movement the pawl device 19 slips over the teeth of the ratchet wheel. By this operationthe wheel 14 was first advanced five teeth, by theoperation "of the key 25 and tlfeh onetooth by the operation of the key 24, the operation'being successive, although the selection by the fin ger was simultaneous. In the same manner numbers 7, 8 and 9 may be added by simultaneous depression of keys 24 for numorals 2, 3 and 4 along with the key 25. The lever wheel 10 being normally engaged with the wheel 14 transmits to the shaft 6 and the dial 5 thereon, the rotary motion imparted by the operations above described and advances the dial one number for each ratchet operation for the wheel 14 through a space of one tooth, the numbers on the dial being brought beneath the openings 3 in the top of the case so that the total may be read through said openings and as any dial passes the zero or ten mark, it automatically carries it to the next higher dial by operation of the arm 43 and of gears 44 and 45. By providing the intermediate gear between the operating arm 43 and the gear 45 on the next higher dial, all of the dials are enabled to turn in the same direction, but the invention is not limited to such construction as thecarrying mechanism may be variously arranged without departing from the invention. In case it is desired to clear the regfrom such engagement.

ister or return all'the dials to zero, the clearing shaft 48 is given only one rotation by means of the handle 49, causing the mutilated gears 50 to engage with the bevel gears 51 on the respective shafts 6, rotating all of said shafts until the dials are returned to zero.

In case it is desired to subtract any number from the total already enumerated on the registering device, it is only necessary to turn the shaft 38 by means of its handle 39 so as to cause the cam 37 to raise the tubu lar shaft 9, so as to bring the lower bevel wheel 11 thereon into engagement with the bevel wheel 12 and remove the bevel wheel 10 p The forward rotation of the bevel wheel 12through the ratchet wheel 14 and the operating devices therefor, under the selective operation of I the keys serves to rotate the shaft 6 in the opposite direction to that which takes place in the operations above described so that the dials are turned back and the number selected by the keys is subtracted from the previous registration.

Theseveral ranks of keys being arranged in curved order as shown, to conform to the natural position of the operators fingers, it

is not necessary for the operatorto shift the position of the hand laterally, but simply move it up or down according to the denomination desired, and the whole key board is within range of the fingers without any shifting either laterally or vertically. This enables the operator to operate the keys by the touch system as distinguished fromthe sight system, the touch system being not only more rapidbut less liable to error.

What I claim is:

1. In an adding machine, a plurality of registering dials for different denominations, a series of coaxially mounted ratchet wheels connected to operate the respective dials, mechanism for operating each dial on completion of rotation of the dial of the next lower denomination, a plurality of ranks of keys, one rank for each ratchet device, and each rank of keys comprising five keys, levers operated respectively by four of said keys, a pawl device operated by said levers and engaging the corresponding ratchetwheel at one side thereof, a lever operated by the fifth key in each rank, a pawl device operated by said last named lever and en gaging with the corresponding ratchetwheel on the opposite side from said first named pawl, said levers being mounted to provide for variant movements of the ratchet wheel in one direction by movement of the said four keys in one direction and to provide for a greater movement of the ratchet wheel in the opposite direction by movement of the said fifth key in the opposite direction.

2. An adding machine comprising a series of dials for different denominations, a series of coaxially mounted ratchet ivheels, means connecting each ratchet wheel to a corresponding dial, two pawls pivotally mounted coaxially with and adjacent to each ratchet wheel and engaging with the ratchet wheel at opposite sides thereof, a rank of keys for each ratchet wheel, a plurality of levers connected to be operated by the respective keys in each rank, four oi said levers engaging with one of said pawls and mounted to produce variant. movement of said pawls by the return operation of the corresponding keys, and the fifth lever for each rank of keys being connected to operate the other of said pawls on the forward movement of the corresponding key.

3. An adding machine comprising a series of dials for diii'erent denominations, shafts connected with the respective dials and extending in parallelism, carrying devices connected with the respective dials for moving each dial on completion of rotation of the dial of the next lower denomination, a series oi ratchet wheels mounted to rotate coaxially, said dial shafts extending between said ratchet wheels, a hovel wheel carried by each ratchet wheel, a sleeve mounted to slide on each of said dial shafts and connected to said dial shafts to turn thermvith, two bevel wheels on each sleeve for engagement alternatively with said hmel wheel on the corresponding ratchet wheel, means for moving said sleeve to cause engagement of either of the bevel wheels thereon with the bevel wheel on the ratchet wheel, pawl devices engaging with the respective ratchet wheels, and a pluralit of key levers adapted to operate each 0 said pawl devices through variant distances. I

4. An addin machine comprising a series of dials for diiierentdenominations, a series of coaxially mounted ratchet wheels, means connecting each ratchet wheel to a corresponding dial, two pawls pivotally mounted coaxially with and adjacent to each ratchetwheel and en aging with the ratchet wheel atopposite sides thereof, a rank of keys for each ratchet wheel, and a plurality of levers connected to be operated by the respective keys in each rank, four of said levers engaging with one of said pawls and mounted to produce variant movement of said pawls y the return operation of the corresponding keys, and the fifth lever for each rank of keys being connected to Operate the other of said pawls on the forward movementof the corresponding key, the pivots for said levers being arranged at variant distances relatively to the corresponding keys and pawl devices so as to provide for variant strokes of the pawl devices with uniform stroke of the keys. V

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand at Los 'Angeles, California this 26th day of August, 1911.

TOYOHARU TERAOKA. In presenceof An'rnnn P. KNIGHT, GLADYS RUSSELL.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the flommluicner of Potato Washington, D. C. 

